In soccer, substitutions play a crucial role in managing player fatigue, injuries, and tactical changes throughout a match. Each team is allowed a maximum of three substitutions during a game, whether in regular time or during extra time. These substitutions offer coaches an opportunity to make strategic decisions that can significantly impact the outcome of a match.
In professional soccer matches, typically, each team is allowed to make up to three substitutions during the course of the game. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the International Football Association Board (IFAB) temporarily increased the number of substitutions to five to minimize the risk of injury due to the congested fixture schedules and to provide more rest opportunities for players. This temporary change in substitution rules aimed to ensure the welfare and well-being of the players during these unprecedented times.
The first substitution typically occurs around the 60th minute mark, as coaches evaluate player performance and assess fatigue levels. This allows players to recharge and recuperate on the sidelines before potentially returning to the pitch in a later stage of the match. Coaches carefully analyze the game's dynamics and the strengths and weaknesses of their own team to determine the most effective substitutions to bolster their chances of success.
When a substitution is made, the player exiting the field must leave from the nearest boundary line, often receiving applause and encouragement from both fans and teammates. As the replacement player enters, they are usually required to await the referee's signal before joining the game. Once the substitution is complete, the newly introduced player brings fresh energy and potentially varying skills to influence the flow of the match.
In a competitive soccer match, a team is allowed to make up to three substitutions per game. However, in 2019, an amateur team in Brazil set a world record by making a staggering total of 20 substitutions during a single match. While the opposing team may have struggled to keep track of all the new players, it certainly made for an unusual and exciting game!
Furthermore, the number of substitutions allowed in soccer has evolved over time. Historically, only two substitutions were permitted, but the International Football Association Board (IFAB) authorized a third substitution in 1965, providing teams with more flexibility. Recently, due to the condensed schedule and increased physical demands on players, particularly during tournaments or in extreme weather conditions, IFAB allowed a temporary rule change in 2020 that permitted up to five substitutions per team. However, this change has been reversed in many leagues and competitions since, returning to the standard three substitutions.
